Genetic diversity is a critical factor in the survival and health of tiger populations. High genetic diversity ensures that a population can adapt to changing environmental conditions, resist diseases, and avoid the negative effects of inbreeding. However, many tiger populations are now isolated and fragmented, leading to reduced genetic diversity and increased vulnerability.

Inbreeding can result in a range of health problems, including reduced fertility, weakened immune systems, and physical deformities. For example, the small population of Sumatran tigers has experienced genetic bottlenecks due to habitat loss and poaching, leading to concerns about their long-term survival. Similarly, the Amur tiger, also known as the Siberian tiger, has faced genetic issues due to its small population size.

Conservation efforts aim to address these genetic challenges through various strategies. One approach is to create wildlife corridors that connect fragmented habitats, allowing tigers to migrate and interbreed with other populations. Another strategy involves captive breeding programs that focus on maintaining genetic diversity and reintroducing individuals into the wild.

Maintaining genetic diversity is crucial for the resilience and adaptability of tiger populations. By addressing genetic concerns and promoting genetic exchange, conservationists can help ensure the long-term survival of tigers and their ability to thrive in changing environments.